How Many Authors Needed To Use Et Al

Apa format requires that you cite all of the authors at the first mention if there are three four or five and use et al afterward.

How many authors needed to use et al. For a work with one or two authors include the name s in every citation. If there are fewer than three authors. Always write et al in lowercase unless it begins a sentence and include a period after al even when it appears in the middle of a sentence. The usage of et al. For authors who use a reference manager this probably won t result in any more typing as the software automates the process regardless of how many authors are.

For both the first and subsequent in text citations both the authors should be listed out as dalton wade 1989. Citations to works with three authors can either. If there are at least six authors then you may use et al from the first mention. The term al is an abbreviation of alii and the entire phrase et al always follows at least one person s name job position or title. Here is how this could look.

The rules above apply to the 7th edition of the apa manual if you re instructed to follow the 6th edition the use of et al is slightly different. How to write and publish a scientific paper 1 summarizes current practice as using et al. According to lai and sookochoff 2018 in apa 7 for a work with three or more authors list the first author and et al for all citations including the first citation unless doing so would create ambiguity. Should be avoided because et al. Use et al for in text citations to works with 3 or more authors.

For sources with three to five authors list all the authors the first time and use et al only in subsequent citations. Follow the name with the abbreviation et al and the page number where the material you paraphrased or cited appears. 1 give all three. Don t use et al. If your source has 3 or more authors it is only necessary to include the last name of the first author who is also listed in your works cited entry.

Dusek bakke 2019 or. Furthermore because the in text citations for works with three or more authors now shorten to et al immediately the effect of a longer reference list is somewhat mitigated. If it happens that all the author names are exactly the same and the studies were published in the same year as well the method of citation described in the reference twins post applies. In all cases you should use the last name of the first author followed by et al in your in text citation.