How To Use Et Al Example

So if you have worked through a reference and only one name is left to abbreviate you must spell out all the names every time to tell the two apart.

How to use et al example. For parenthetical citation of a work with 6 or more authors. For the remaining four authors. According to lai and sookochoff 2018. Many writers confuse e g and i e and many type et al improperly or do not properly recognize what words it represents. For in text citation of a work with 6 or more authors.

After the first author. For sources with six or more authors use et al from the first citation. For a work with one or two authors include the name s in every citation. With in text citation is there. For the second reference the two remaining names can be abbreviated to et al.

For sources with three to five authors list all the authors the first time and use et al only in subsequent citations. Et cetera is used as a short way to say and so forth and so on or and other things and is also used to describe a list without listing everything. For example blythe et al 2003. As such the first citation should spell out all their names and any subsequent citation can include et al. Use the lead author s surname and et al.

As previously mentioned different style guidelines have adopted different rules for using et al. Note that et al is not italicized. Finally be careful of a quirk of et al which is that it is plural that is it must replace at least two names or put another way it cannot stand for only one name. 2008 or acoose et al 2008 for in text citation. Always refers to people not things.

On the subsequent citations for three four or five authors. For example you can say we could use cupcakes cookies etc. When people cite the work of you and your friends they would likely use et al especially in formal writing such as term papers and on works cited pages. For those wondering about the rightful place of et al it is in footnotes and citations. Here are two examples one in text mention of a publication and another from a works cited page.